Portrait of Colin Crossman

Colin Crossman

Deputy Secretary of State, State of Wyoming

Attorney admitted in Wyoming and North Carolina and registered before the USPTO. I run day-to-day operations at the Wyoming Secretary of State’s Office, write about Bitcoin and the law for Bitcoin Magazine, and build tools in Python. Before public service I spent fifteen years as an operator and general counsel for businesses in hospitality, e-commerce, and digital infrastructure, after training in law and computational biology at Duke.

Experience

Secretary of State's Office, State of Wyoming

Deputy Secretary of State Cheyenne, WY · – Present

  • Coordinate agency-wide operations and strategy across core regulatory and public-service functions (business entities/UCC, securities, notaries, public records, and related services).
  • Lead legislative and policy development in partnership with the Governor’s office, AG’s office, and legislative committees; translate statutory changes into executable procedures and public-facing guidance.
  • Oversee modernization initiatives (process redesign, data governance, cybersecurity alignment, vendor management/procurement), with measurable SLAs and dashboards for throughput, accuracy, and cost.
  • Direct intergovernmental coordination on CTA/BOI issues with FinCEN and state partners; align state systems with evolving federal compliance while safeguarding state transparency and privacy standards.
  • Support litigation/rulemaking posture, including amicus strategy on matters touching state regulatory authority and technology sovereignty.
  • Build leadership capacity, mentoring managers, strengthening succession pipelines, and institutionalizing continuous-improvement practices.

Secretary of State's Office, State of Wyoming

Director of the Business Division Cheyenne, WY · –

  • Led the division managing high-volume corporate filings (600K+/year), aligning operations with evolving data protection, KYC/AML, and public record transparency standards; coordinated the state-level response to FinCEN’s Corporate Transparency Act Beneficial Ownership Information rule.
  • Resolved cross-functional legal and operational issues through inter-agency coordination across legal, IT, and policy teams, improving legal accuracy and filing turnaround through deep knowledge of Wyoming corporate law.
  • Advised on legislative reforms involving business and privacy law; shaped state-level data governance through statutory analysis and collaboration with counsel.
  • Testified before the Wyoming Legislature on modernized digital business infrastructure, including reforms affecting privacy, data access, and automation; coordinated cross-agency input from legal, policy, and IT teams.
  • Co-authored an amicus brief to the U.S. Supreme Court in Texas Top Cop Shop v. Garland on state regulatory authority, technology sovereignty, and data control.
  • Prepared and filed an amicus brief on behalf of the Wyoming Secretary of State in the Custodia Bank v. Federal Reserve appeal.
  • Built Python automation to streamline corporate name checks, saving ~1 FTE/day of manual review and raising processing throughput by 7%.

Distributed Hash

Member & In-House Counsel Wyoming · –

  • Served as general counsel for all legal matters, negotiating infrastructure and data-hosting contracts, including academic partnerships, with attention to privacy compliance, IP safeguards, and commercial viability.
  • Directed design and launch of a digital infrastructure facility, overseeing regulatory approvals across jurisdictions and compliance with environmental, data-handling, and emerging crypto/tech law.
  • Built internal compliance systems in Python/SQL for real-time monitoring and audit-ready records.
  • Developed Python automation for remote infrastructure control, improving uptime and reducing manual risk.
  • Published regulatory insights and whitepapers for investors and policymakers on energy use, infrastructure, and compute-intensive systems.
  • Led regulatory engagement with local authorities to secure permits, and negotiated long-term infrastructure and utility service agreements.
  • Oversaw multi-jurisdictional compliance, including zoning, data governance, and operational disclosures.

Rhea Hospitality

Principal and General Counsel Cary, NC & Las Vegas, NV · –

  • Founded and led a multi-state hospitality group, overseeing legal, financial, and regulatory operations for a 135-person team and $7M+ in annual revenue; served as de facto general counsel for all contracts, compliance, and risk management.
  • Drafted and negotiated commercial agreements across construction, vendor, and financing; provided in-house counsel across multiple jurisdictions.
  • Structured and closed $17M+ in capital through private placements, public funding, and municipal partnerships; led all legal due diligence, regulatory compliance, and investor disclosures.
  • Structured a Regulation A+ offering via a Delaware PBC, managing SEC disclosure and investor-protection requirements in preparation for Tier 2 qualification.
  • Drafted and secured zoning and permitting approvals across jurisdictions.
  • Designed and deployed internal legal/ops automation tools (Python, SQL, Flask), streamlining payroll and compliance workflows and saving $100K+ annually in operational overhead.

PhD Posters, LLC

Member and General Counsel Durham, NC · –

  • Provided end-to-end legal leadership for a $1.2M+ multi-location e-commerce operation; oversaw commercial contracts, IP protection, and data compliance across digital and physical retail.
  • Drafted consumer-facing terms, franchise agreements, and IP filings; managed brand protection strategy, including a federal trademark portfolio.
  • Directed international legal and tax strategy for a Canadian subsidiary; managed outside counsel and cross-border compliance with consumer protection and data regulations.
  • Led legal structuring for the transition to a national e-commerce model.
  • Acted as general counsel for all business operations, handling employment matters, dispute resolution, and commercial contracts.

Foundation for Individual Rights and Expression (FIRE)

IT Consultant Philadelphia, PA · –

Senior Program Officer Philadelphia, PA · –

  • Researched and classified university speech codes for constitutional compliance; worked with university administrators to bring policy language in line with First Amendment standards.
  • Developed a Python-based tracking system to monitor outreach progress.
  • Designed and deployed a 3CX-based internal VoIP system, modernizing office communications and reducing IT overhead.
  • Led the organization-wide migration from LastPass to Okta, strengthening security posture and access control.
  • Provided on-demand technical consulting across web infrastructure, cybersecurity, and internal systems.

Triangle Apartment Association

Government Affairs Director Raleigh, NC · –

  • Developed and directed the association’s governmental and regulatory policy objectives.
  • Analyzed proposed legislation, rules, and case law and determined their impact on the membership; educated members on developments and coordinated member responses.
  • Advocated with elected officials at the municipal, state, and federal levels, across parties, and coordinated with allied groups to increase impact.

Duke University School of Law

Faculty Fellow for IP Law Durham, NC · –

  • Faculty fellow at the Center for the Study of Public Genomics.
  • Researched the effects of university-owned software patents, focusing on the creation and dissemination of genomic data.
  • Developed and taught an upper-level law course on Intellectual Property Licensing.
  • Produced and presented academic research at conferences.

Writing

Articles & Commentary 26

  1. The End of the Closed-Source Era Is at Hand: Obscurity Was Never Security Bitcoin Magazine
  2. When Bitcoin Walks Into Your Office: A Field Guide for Wyoming Generalists Wyoming Lawyer (Wyoming State Bar), Vol. 49, No. 4, pp. 30–33 digital edition
  3. When Quantum Computers Come for Your Bitcoin: What Classical Property Law Says Happens Next Bitcoin Magazine
  4. Tenth Circuit Hands Fed a Win: Custodia Denied Master Account in Blow to Crypto Sovereignty, Dissent Brings the Heat Bitcoin Magazine
  5. The Trolls Are Coming: Defending Bitcoin Mining from Patent Trolls Bitcoin Magazine
  6. Nebraska’s New Mining Rules: Infrastructure Safeguard or Soft Ban in Disguise? Bitcoin Magazine
  7. Wyoming Introduces Bitcoin Strategic Reserve Bill Bitcoin Magazine
  8. Debanked: The Financial Suppression of Bitcoin Businesses Must End Bitcoin Magazine
  9. Tornado Cash Loses Motion to Dismiss Bitcoin Magazine
  10. The BITCOIN Act of 2024 Bitcoin Magazine
  11. The Federal Reserve, Custodia Bank, and the Battle for Sovereignty: A Review of the Amicus Briefs in the Custodia Case Bitcoin Magazine
  12. Supreme Court Decision Overturns Chevron: A Victory for Judicial Authority and Bitcoin Bitcoin Magazine
  13. NRA & Cantero in the Supreme Court: Implications for Operation Choke Point 2.0 and Custodia Bank Bitcoin Magazine
  14. Final Agreement on EIA Emergency Survey Released Bitcoin Magazine
  15. EIA Emergency Survey Preliminary Injunction Hearing Canceled Bitcoin Magazine
  16. Riot Platforms and Texas Bitcoin Council Seek Injunction Against Survey Bitcoin Magazine
  17. Resisting the EIA: One Possible Playbook Bitcoin Magazine
  18. High Fees vs. “High Fees”: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Mempool Bitcoin Magazine
  19. Beyond the kWh: Factors That Bitcoin Miners Need to Consider Bitcoin Magazine Robert Warren, Colin Crossman
  20. West Virginia v. EPA: Good News for Bitcoin, Beyond the Obvious Bitcoin Magazine
  21. What Bitcoiners Need to Know About Jury Nullification in a Hostile Legal System Bitcoin Magazine
  22. Economically Incentivized Innovation Sets Bitcoin Apart: Unitary Money Bitcoin Magazine
  23. Bitcoin for Small Businesses: Front Line Options Bitcoin Magazine Colin Crossman, Mark Maraia, Heidi Porter
  24. Bitcoin and the Smallest Businesses: Cantillon Effects and Why They Need Bitcoin Bitcoin Magazine Heidi Porter, Mark Maraia, Colin Crossman
  25. Bitcoin and Business: What Is Your Bitcoin Strategy? Bitcoin Magazine Heidi Porter, Mark Maraia, Colin Crossman
  26. Bitcoin Community Projects Communicate the Message of Freedom Bitcoin Magazine Rick Poach, Colin Crossman

Briefs & Filings 3

  1. Brief of Amici Curiae Senator Cynthia Lummis and Wyoming Secretary of State Chuck Gray, Texas Top Cop Shop v. Garland Supreme Court of the United States Christopher Land, Colin Crossman, Jesse Naiman
  2. Brief of Amicus Curiae Wyoming Secretary of State, Custodia Bank v. Federal Reserve Board of Governors U.S. Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit
  3. Red Hat’s Comments to the Joint FTC/DOJ Hearings on Competition and Intellectual Property Law Federal Trade Commission / Department of Justice Webbink, Crossman, Griffin, Silverstein

Scholarship 4

  1. Metastasizing Patent Claims on BRCA1 Genomics Kepler, T., Crossman, C., Cook-Deegan, R.
  2. Pathways Across the Valley of Death: Novel Intellectual Property Strategies for Accelerated Drug Discovery Yale Journal of Health Policy, Law, and Ethics, Vol. 8(1) Reichman, J.H., Rai, A., Uhlir, P., Crossman, C.
  3. Arming Our Enemies: How Parallel Imports Could Increase Anti-microbial Resistance North Carolina Journal of International Law & Commercial Regulation, Vol. 31(4), 823–845
  4. A Brief History of BioPerl Duke Law Faculty Scholarship Colin Crossman, Arti Rai

Other 1

  1. U.S. Patent No. 9,364,012 (attorney of record) U.S. Patent and Trademark Office

Education

  • Duke University Medical Center
    Doctoral Candidate, Computational Biology and Bioinformatics
    Durham, NC · 2006–2007
  • Duke University Graduate School
    M.S., Biomedical Engineering
    Durham, NC · 2004
  • Duke University School of Law
    J.D., cum laude
    Durham, NC · 2003
  • Carnegie Mellon University
    B.S., Biology (Computational Biology); minors in Chemistry and Policy & Management
    Pittsburgh, PA · 2000

Bar Admissions & Licenses

  • Wyoming State Bar · No. 8-7039
  • North Carolina State Bar · No. 31468
  • U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (registered patent attorney) · No. 52782
  • U.S. Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit
  • Supreme Court of the United States